DNA polymerase proofreading: Multiple roles maintain genome stability.
Biochimica et biophysica acta (2010), Volume 1804, Page 1049
Abstract:
DNA polymerase proofreading is a spell-checking activity that enables DNA polymerases to remove newly made nucleotide incorporation errors from the primer terminus before further primer extension and also prevents translesion synthesis. DNA polymerase proofreading improves replication fidelity approximately 100-fold, which is required by many organisms to prevent unacceptably high, life threatening mutation loads. DNA polymerase proofreading has been studied by geneticists and biochemists for >35 years. A historical perspective and the basic features of DNA polymerase proofreading are described here, but the goal of this review is to present recent advances in the elucidation of the proofreading pathway and to describe roles of DNA polymerase proofreading beyond mismatch correction that are also important for maintaining genome stability.
Polymerases:
T7,Eco Pol III,Klenow fragment,T4,Eco Pol I,T4 A89TD363N,T4 G694S,T4 A737V,T4 D112AE114A,Human Pol alpha,T4 Q731am,RB69,T4 I50L,T4 G298D,T4 G304D,T4 L309P,T4 Y317C,T4 R335C,T4 L412I,T4 I417V,T4 Q730S,T4 A777V,T4 L412M,Human Pol delta,T4 G255S,T4 P424L
Topics:
Mutational Analysis, Modulators/Inhibitors, Kinetic Parameters, Nucleotide Analogs / Template Lesions, Structure and Structure/Function, Fidelity, Nucleotide Incorporation, Exonuclease Activity, Enzyme Substrate Interactions, Alignments
One line summary:
A historical perspective on DNA polymerase proofreading with emphasis on recent elucidations of the proofreading pathway and the role of the enzyme in maintaining genome stability.
Status:
| new | topics/pols set | partial results | complete | validated |